Theory of Knowledge
Blog Post #1: "Should you Kill the Fat Man?"
“Should You Kill the Fat Man” is a philosophy experiment that brings into question moral and ethical dilemmas. The quiz starts off with very basic questions such as “torture, as a matter of principle, is always morally wrong.” The questions in the beginning are very straightforward questions with straightforward answers; you either believe that torture is wrong, you believe making five people happier is better than one and it is always wrong to kill someone. For these preliminary questions, I found that I used my moral instinct more than my logical reasoning because I did not think of situations where the morality would be excused. The answers seemed obvious to me because of the moral guidelines that have been set by society, by law and by my upbringing. This brings up the question of what are moral guidelines? Who created them? Is there a right “moral” path? Can we question the legitimate guidelines such as the law and declaration of human rights? If we have the same knowledge given to us, why do we have different opinions and different moral standpoints? For example, I chose that it was morally wrong to kill someone due to the fact that it is against the law (and vice versa- it is the law because it is morally unethical) but some people around me choose that it was morally acceptable. We are governed under the same law and are aware of the consequences of murdering someone, so how do our moral standards differ and who is right?

The next part took the basic morals in the first part of the philosophy experiment and applied it to real life scenarios. The first question asked was whether the bus driver should save one person or save five people. The obvious answer, to me, is five people due the utilitarian view point, which is a theory in normative ethics holding that the best moral action is the one that maximises utility and happiness. In my opinion, this is the correct way of addressing ethical problems because morality also lays within the consequences of certain actions. But then I put myself in the position of the bus driver and the one person is a family member or a loved one and though it is considered “morally wrong,” I would kill the five people. This contradicts the utilitarianism point of view, but highlights the fact that morality is swayed by loyalty and caring. I am loyal towards my family members and so my actions will not reflect my moral beliefs. This brings up the question, to what extent do emotions guide moral beliefs? In my opinion, emotions, sense perception, faith and reason are the most prominent ways of knowing when working through an ethical dilemma. Another interesting question that was brought from the philosophy experiment, was whether you would push one fat man onto the track to save five people. This is almost the same scenario from before, because it is saving one person vs. five, but I was put off from clicking “push the fat man onto the track” because of the action itself. There are two ways to address the situation, the categorical method and the consequentialist method. The consequentialist would locate morally in the consequence of an act, which means that a person would push the fat man to save more people. The categoricalist, locates morality in the certain duties and rights, so would view pushing off the man as wrong, regardless of the “good” consequences.

For the philosophy experiment, I got a 42% consistency, which indicates that though I believe something may be moral, in certain scenarios I do not apply my moral beliefs. Though I thought torture was wrong, I said that it was okay for someone to be tortured for crucial information. The reason I got a low consistency is because in the first part I implemented my moral beliefs but in the second part, I used more reasoning. I am curious to find out more about why these choices are so hard to make and why some circumstance such as pushing someone off a bridge, is worse than running someone over, when in the end the result is the same. I really enjoyed todays activity as I learned more about myself and my beliefs. I am excited to start the ethics topic so my choices can be explained in terms of philosophy.
